PERKEMBANGAN ANAK MENURUT AL-QUR’AN SURAT AZ-ZUMAR AYAT 6, SURAT AL-MU’MINUN AYAT 12 SAMPAI AYAT 14, DAN SURAT LUQMAN AYAT 12 SAMPAI AYAT 19 SERTA RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENDIDIKAN PRANATAL DAN POSTNATAL

Abstract

Child development is divided into two namely prenatal and postnatal development. Both are related to each other and have an important role to make children who are physically and spiritually good. The development of prenatal and postnatal children is contained in the Al-Qur'an, as well as their education, contained in the teachings of the Al-Quran, it is very necessary in the realm of Islamic education to know and understand the development of children according to the guidelines, namely the Al-Quran. The purpose of this study was to determine the development of children according to the Al-Qur'an surah Az-Zumar verse 6, sura Al-Mu'minun verses 12 to 14 and surah Luqman verses 12 to 19 and to determine their relevance to prenatal and postnatal education. The approach and research method used is qualitative, with text study methods using content analysis techniques with literature and documentation collection techniques, so that the resulting data is descriptive-qualitative. The results of this study produce a). child development includes 1). in the letter Az-Zumar: 6 it is emphasized that there are 3 stages of child development in general, namely the zygote, embryotic and fetal stages where all of these stages occur in the 3 dark phases of the stomach, uterus and fetus; 2). in the letter Al[1]Mu'minun: 12-14 emphasized the details of the stages of the letter Az-Zumar: 6 namely the stages of prenatal child development including the conception stage (nuthfah) 40 days, the blood clot stage ('alaqah) 40 days, the stage of the lump of flesh (mudhgah) ) 40 days, the stage of bone formation ('idham) and the wrapping of the bones by the flesh (kasauna al-'idham lahma), as well as the development of the fetus and the breathing of the spirit (khalqan akhar); 3). in Luqman's letter: 12-19 emphasized the development of postnatal children, namely the stage of breastfeeding and not being breastfed when they were 2 years old, there was also didactic development in the form of monotheism education, worship, morals; b). the relevance of child development to prenatal education that as prospective mothers and prospective fathers must think about various approaches including cultural (urf) in order to prepare for cleanliness of the heart, body and spirit as well as increase in faith when planning to have children, and when in the womb phase, mothers always draw closer to Allah in the form of worship and behavior according to good morals, eating and drinking healthy and nutritious; c). the relevance of child development to postnatal education that education has been carried out since the child was born, namely the command to obey Allah, not polytheists (duplicating Allah), orders for worship in the form of prayer, prayer, resignation and good morals to biological mothers and fathers, and to behave Islamically, beginning with calling the call to prayer and iqamah for the baby at birth, and slaughtering a goat as an aqiqah for the child, cutting the child's hair and giving the child a name; This is the Sunnah of the Prophet.